Can the Cytokine Profile According to ABO Blood Groups Be Related to Worse Outcome in COVID-19 Patients? Yes, They Can

Producción CientíficaSevere status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is extremely associated to cytokine release. Moreover, it has been suggested that blood group is also associated with the prevalence and severity of this disease. However, the relationship between the cytokine profile and blood group remains unclear in COVID-19 patients. In this sense, we prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided according to ABO blood group. For the analysis of 45 cytokines, plasma samples were collected in the time of admission to hospital ward or intensive care unit and at the sixth day after hospital admission. The results show that there was a risk of more than two times lower of mechanical ventilation or death in patients with blood group O (log rank: p = 0.042). At first time, all statistically significant cytokine levels, except from hepatocyte growth factor, were higher in O blood group patients meanwhile the second time showed a significant drop, between 20% and 40%. In contrast, A/B/AB group presented a maintenance of cytokine levels during time. Hepatocyte growth factor showed a significant association with intubation or mortality risk in non-O blood group patients (OR: 4.229, 95% CI (2.064–8.665), p < 0.001) and also was the only one bad prognosis biomarker in O blood group patients (OR: 8.852, 95% CI (1.540–50.878), p = 0.015). Therefore, higher cytokine levels in O blood group are associated with a better outcome than A/B/AB group in COVID-19 patients.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant COV20/00491)Junta de Castilla y León (grant 18IGOF

Utilizing ethnic-specific differences in minor allele frequency to recategorize reported pathogenic deafness variants

Q1Q1Artículo original445-453Ethnic-specific differences in minor allele frequency impact variant categorization for genetic screening of nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) and other genetic disorders. We sought to evaluate all previously reported pathogenic NSHL variants in the context of a large number of controls from ethnically distinct populations sequenced with orthogonal massively parallel sequencing methods. We used HGMD, ClinVar, and dbSNP to generate a comprehensive list of reported pathogenic NSHL variants and re-evaluated these variants in the context of 8,595 individuals from 12 populations and 6 ethnically distinct major human evolutionary phylogenetic groups from three sources (Exome Variant Server, 1000 Genomes project, and a control set of individuals created for this study, the OtoDB). Of the 2,197 reported pathogenic deafness variants, 325 (14.8%) were present in at least one of the 8,595 controls, indicating a minor allele frequency (MAF) >0.00006. MAFs ranged as high as 0.72, a level incompatible with pathogenicity for a fully penetrant disease like NSHL. Based on these data, we established MAF thresholds of 0.005 for autosomal-recessive variants (excluding specific variants in GJB2) and 0.0005 for autosomal-dominant variants. Using these thresholds, we recategorized 93 (4.2%) of reported pathogenic variants as benign. Our data show that evaluation of reported pathogenic deafness variants using variant MAFs from multiple distinct ethnicities and sequenced by orthogonal methods provides a powerful filter for determining pathogenicity. The proposed MAF thresholds will facilitate clinical interpretation of variants identified in genetic testing for NSHL. All data are publicly available to facilitate interpretation of genetic variants causing deafness

Detección de la mutación responsable del síndrome de Waardenburgen la isla de Providencia, Colombia : estudios de SSCPs y secuenciación en el gen MITF fase II

IP 6207-04-965-98Incluye anexos.Anexos: Confluencia de sordera no-sindromica autosomica recesivay sindrome de Waardenburg en la Isla de Providencia - Colombia.FOLLETO(S): Agentes teratogenicos y teratogenicidad / MarcelaRodriguez, Martalucia Tamayo Fernandez,;Fernando Rivadeneira. -- En: Coleccion derecho a vivir endesventaja : folleto No. 10. -- 31 p. : il. ; 22 cm.;compiladores: Marta Lucia Tamayo ... [et al.]. -- Bogotá :Instituto Colombiano de Cultura Hispanica : 28 cm.;'-- Errores refractivos y sus implicaciones geneticas / GustavoEnrique Tamayo Fernandez, Martalucia Tamayo;Fernandez. -- En: Coleccion derecho a vivir en desventaja: folleto No. 11. -- 27 p. : il. ; 22 cm. --;ARTICULO(S) EN REVISTA: Etiologic diversity for deafness on theisland ofprovidencia - Colombia / Marta Lucia;Tamayo ... [et al.]. -- En: The american Journal of HumanGenetics. -- Vol. 67, no 4. (Oct 2000); p. A 474. --;CAPITULO(S) EN LIBRO: Una alta frecuencia de sordera en laislade Providencia, Colombia / Marta Lucia Tamayo;... [et al.]. -- p. 409-421. -- En: Geografia Humana de Colombia: variacion biologica y cultural en Colombia

Nutritional management results in a family with phenylketonuria following genetics diagnosis : dissertations around monitoring and adherence to treatment

Introducción: Aunque ciertamente la Fenilcetonuria (PKU) no sea un desorden metabólico común en Colombia, médicos generales, pediatras y genetistas deben estar alerta de su presencia y, deben propender por un diagnóstico completo que permita iniciar un manejo nutricional ade-cuado temprano. De manera que no sólo es importante el diagnóstico, sino la asesoría genética apropiada, el manejo y seguimiento. Sólo de esta manera se logran minimizar las secuelas y en especial, el daño neurológico propio de esta alteración metabólica, dado que es una de las pocas patologías genéticas en la que es posible ofrecer algún tipo de manejo que evite daños devastadores y ofrezca así un mejor pronóstico. Es igualmente importante estar atentos a los procesos del sistema de salud colombiano, que impone trabas y demoras en los manejos y tratamientos de estas enfermedades poco frecuentes, pues son causa de baja adherencia, suspensión de tratamientos y empeoramiento clínico de nuestros pacientes, con deterioro irre-versible muy negativo en estas familias afectadas vulnerables e indefensas. Objetivo: En este trabajo se realizó seguimiento durante un año y medio de evolución bajo manejo nutricional a una familia colombiana con diagnóstico clínico, bioquímico y molecular de Fenilcetonuria (PKU). Materiales y Métodos: A una familia colombiana con diagnóstico de Fenilcetonuria, con 4 individuos afectados, se le hizo el seguimiento clínico de su evolución durante un año y medio, mientras recibían el tratamiento consistente en el manejo nutricional adecuado para su enfer-medad de base, la ingesta de preparados de fórmulas comerciales adecuadas y seguimiento de pruebas bioquímicas y de evolución clínica con o sin tratamiento. Resultados: Se presentan los resultados de la evolución clínica bajo tratamiento con manejo nutricional adecuado durante un año de observación clínica y su evolución medio año después de haber suspendido el tratamiento y manejo. Se resalta la evolución con y sin el manejo médico recomendado. Conclusiones: Se enfatiza la importancia de estar atentos a sospechar la enfermedad, del diagnóstico temprano y el manejo dietario adecuado que implique una verdadera prevención de secuelas. Así mismo se discute el manejo en los sistemas de salud del tratamiento de este tipo de enfermedades raras, la falta de mecanismos de adherencia al tratamiento, la ausencia de programas de seguimiento y los efectos deletéreos de suspender un manejo y tratamiento exitoso.Artículo de investigación339-348Introduction:Phenylketonuria (PKU) is not a common metabolic disorder in Colombia indeed, but still general practitioners, pediatricians and geneticists should be aware of its presence and should promote a comprehensive diagnosis, allowing a proper early nutritional management. So not only diagnosing it is important, but the appropriate genetic counseling, management and monitoring as well. Accomplishing all these, we will minimize sequelae and especially neurological damage, since it is one of the few genetic diseases in which it is possible to offer some kind of management that avoid devastating damage, thus leading to a better prognosis. It is equally important to follow carefully all processes of the Colombian Health System, which imposes barriers and delays in handling rare diseases, because these barriers and delays are the cause of low adhesion, suspension of treatments and clinical worsening of patients, with very negative irreversible deterioration in affected, vulnerable and helpless patients and their families. Objective:To perform a follow-up throughout a year and a half of evolution under nu-tritional management, to a Colombian family with clinical, biochemical and molecular diagnosis of phenylketonuria (PKU). Materials and methods:Treatment consisting of nutritional mana-gement suitable for underlying disease, intake of adequate commercial formulas and monitoring of biochemical tests and clinical evolution were given to 4 affected individuals of a Colombian family diagnosed with phenylketonuria, followed-up for a year and a half. Results: We present the results of clinical evolution under treatment with suitable nutritional management for a year of clinical observation and its evolution for half a year after treatment withdrawal. Evolution with and without medical management is highlighted. Conclusions:We emphasize the importance of being aware of the disease, since early diagnosis and appropriate management involving diet gives a true prevention of sequelae. Likewise we discussed management of health system procedures for treatment of rare diseases, to avoid lack of adherence, absence of monitoring programs and deleterious effects of suspensión of a successful treatment

Estableciendo "puentes" entre la Universidad y el tejido social madrileño : cómo los estudiantes de la Asignatura Ciudad y Urbanismo pueden colaborar en la búsqueda de soluciones urbanísticas a históricas reclamaciones vecinales en el entorno de Puente de Vallecas

Publicación de los trabajos elaborados por los estudiantes del curso 2022/23 de la asignatura Ciudad y Urbanismo (35001304) de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid en el marco de un proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio y reflexiones sobre el proceso tanto de los agentes sociales que formaron parte del mismo, como de los profesores que ha participado en la docencia

The Not-So-Good Prognosis of Streptococcal Periprosthetic Joint Infection Managed by Implant Retention:The Results of a Large Multicenter Study

Background.: Streptococci are not an infrequent cause of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Management by debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) is thought to produce a good prognosis, but little is known about the real likelihood of success. Methods.: A retrospective, observational, multicenter, international study was performed during 2003-2012. Eligible patients had a streptococcal PJI that was managed with DAIR. The primary endpoint was failure, defined as death related to infection, relapse/persistence of infection, or the need for salvage therapy. Results.: Overall, 462 cases were included (median age 72 years, 50% men). The most frequent species was Streptococcus agalactiae (34%), and 52% of all cases were hematogenous. Antibiotic treatment was primarily using β-lactams, and 37% of patients received rifampin. Outcomes were evaluable in 444 patients: failure occurred in 187 (42.1%; 95% confidence interval, 37.5%-46.7%) after a median of 62 days from debridement; patients without failure were followed up for a median of 802 days. Independent predictors (hazard ratios) of failure were rheumatoid arthritis (2.36), late post-surgical infection (2.20), and bacteremia (1.69). Independent predictors of success were exchange of removable components (0.60), early use of rifampin (0.98 per day of treatment within the first 30 days), and long treatments (≥21 days) with β-lactams, either as monotherapy (0.48) or in combination with rifampin (0.34). Conclusions.: This is the largest series to our knowledge of streptococcal PJI managed by DAIR, showing a worse prognosis than previously reported. The beneficial effects of exchanging the removable components and of β-lactams are confirmed and maybe also a potential benefit from adding rifampin

Novel genes and sex differences in COVID-19 severity.

Here we describe the results of a genome-wide study conducted in 11 939 COVID-19 positive cases with an extensive clinical information that were recruited from 34 hospitals across Spain (SCOURGE consortium). In sex-disaggregated genome-wide association studies for COVID-19 hospitalization, genome-wide significance (p < 5x10-8) was crossed for variants in 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci only among males (p = 1.3x10-22 and p = 8.1x10-12, respectively), and for variants in 9q21.32 near TLE1 only among females (p = 4.4x10-8). In a second phase, results were combined with an independent Spanish cohort (1598 COVID-19 cases and 1068 population controls), revealing in the overall analysis two novel risk loci in 9p13.3 and 19q13.12, with fine-mapping prioritized variants functionally associated with AQP3 (p = 2.7x10-8) and ARHGAP33 (p = 1.3x10-8), respectively. The meta-analysis of both phases with four European studies stratified by sex from the Host Genetics Initiative confirmed the association of the 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci predominantly in males and replicated a recently reported variant in 11p13 (ELF5, p = 4.1x10-8). Six of the COVID-19 HGI discovered loci were replicated and an HGI-based genetic risk score predicted the severity strata in SCOURGE. We also found more SNP-heritability and larger heritability differences by age (<60 or ≥ 60 years) among males than among females. Parallel genome-wide screening of inbreeding depression in SCOURGE also showed an effect of homozygosity in COVID-19 hospitalization and severity and this effect was stronger among older males. In summary, new candidate genes for COVID-19 severity and evidence supporting genetic disparities among sexes are provided